Credit card issuers first assign the account numbers and then compute steps one through three of the Luhn algorithm to determine the appropriate check digit.

Mathematicians long wondered whether it’s possible to express the number 33 as the sum of three cubes — that is, whether the equation 33 = x ³+ y ³+ z ³ has a solution. They knew that 29 could be ...

This paper considers the problem of scheduling n jobs, each having a processing time, a due date and a weight, on a single machine to minimize the weighted number of late jobs. An O (n log n) ...

Osborne (1975) introduces a modified Prony algorithm for fitting sum of exponential to the real data sets. Smyth (1985) and Osborne and Smyth (1990) investigate the stability of the algorithm. They ...