Many examples of complex networks that have greatly impacted our lives — such as highways, electrification and the Internet — derive from engineering.

Analysing human societies as complex systems can provide an insight into historical processes and the strengths and weaknesses of capitalism.

Neural networks are computing systems designed to mimic both the structure and function of the human brain. Caltech ...

Ecosystems are prototypical examples of complex adaptive systems, in which patterns at higher levels emerge from localized interactions and selection processes acting at lower levels. An essential ...

The human brain may be the ultimate complex system, but other examples appear everywhere. Take army ants. Despite their name, they have no general, and their queen sends out no instructions. No ...

Understanding scientific phenomena in terms of complex systems principles is both scientifically and pedagogically important. Situations from different disciplines of science are often governed by the ...

In fields ranging from immunology and ecology to economics and thermodynamics, multi-scale complex systems are ubiquitous. They are also notoriously difficult to model. Conventional approaches ...

If someone is part of a subgroup made up entirely of poor people, for example, that person may only have a slim chance of escaping poverty.’ Pijpers therefore believes problems of inequality can be ...

Finally, a recap of practical examples and challenges for the future illustrates how the complex dynamic systems standpoint, changing the way of thinking about sports injuries, offers innovative ideas ...