Protection Routing: A scheme that routes data via pre-configured alternate paths provided by independent spanning trees, ensuring continuity in the event of network failures.

Additionally, iterative algorithms have been developed to compute spanning tree totals across various graph families, clarifying how network structure influences properties such as percolation and ...

By connecting the network in a strict tree, loops are avoided, and data can flow easily from any source to any destination. There is one big drawback to a strict tree structure—there is no redundancy.